Arsenic distillation a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina

ʻO ka arsenic distillation a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina hana e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻokoʻa o ka volatility o ka arsenic a me kāna mau pūhui e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe, kūpono loa no ka wehe ʻana i ka sulfur, selenium, tellurium a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe i loko o ka arsenic.Eia nā ʻanuʻu a me nā manaʻo nui:

1.Ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i nā mea maka

• Nā kumu o ka arsenic maʻemaʻe: ka mea maʻamau ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o nā minerala i loaʻa i ka arsenic (e laʻa i ka arsenite, realgar) a i ʻole ka ʻōpala i loaʻa i ka arsenic.
• ʻOki ʻokiʻoki(koho): Inā he arsenic sulfide ka mea maka (e laʻa me As₂S₃), pono e ʻala mua ia e hoʻololi i ka As₂O₃ volatile.

As2S3+9O2→As2O3+3SO2As2​S3​+9O2​→As2O3+3SO2

2.ʻĀpana hoʻoheheʻe

• Mea lako: ʻO ka Quartz a i ʻole ka ceramic (kū kūʻē i ka corrosion, pale wela kiʻekiʻe), i hoʻolako ʻia me ka paipu condenser a me ka ʻōmole loaʻa.
• Ka pale ʻole: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Nitrogen a i ʻole carbon dioxide no ka pale ʻana i ka arsenic oxidation a i ʻole ka pahū ʻana (ʻo ka arsenic vapor a flammable).

3.Kaʻina distillation

• Hoʻomalu mahana:
  • Arsenic sublimation: As₂O₃ sublimation ma 500-600 °C (pure arsenic sublimation ma kahi o 615 °C).
  • Hoʻokaʻawale haumia: ʻO nā mea haumia haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me ka sulfur a me ka selenium i makemake nui ʻia a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka condensation ʻāpana.
• ʻOhi condensation: Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mahu arsenic i As₂O₃ maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole arsenic elemental i loko o ka ʻāpana condensation (100-200°C).

4.Mahope o ka hana ana

• Hoemi(inā koi 'ia ka arsenic elemental): Hoemi i ka As₂O₃ me ke kalapona a i ole hydrogen

As2O3+3H2→2As+3H2OAs2​O3​+3H2​→2As+3H2ʻO

• Hoʻomāmā: hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou aku i ka elemental arsenic e wehe i ke koena o nā mea haumia.

5.Hoʻomalu

• ʻO ka pale ʻana i ke kino: Ua pani ʻia ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa, hoʻolako ʻia me ka ʻike leakage arsenic a me nā lako lapaʻau pilikia.
• Lapaʻau kinoea huelo: Ma hope o ka condensation, pono e hoʻopili ʻia ke kinoea huelo e ka solution lye (e like me NaOH) a i ʻole adsorption kalapona i hana ʻia e pale aku iā As₂O₃hoʻokuʻu.
• Waihona metala Arsenic: mālama ʻia i loko o kahi lewa inert no ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation a i ʻole deliquescent.

6. MaemaeHoʻonui

• ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā pae he nui: Hiki i ka distillation hou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻemaʻe ma mua o 99.99%.
• Hoʻoheheʻe ʻāina (koho): Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka arsenic elemental e hōʻemi hou i nā haumia metala.

Nā kahua noi

Hoʻohana ʻia ka arsenic maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe i nā mea semiconductor (eg GaAscrystals), nā mea hoʻohui hui, a i ʻole i ka hana ʻana i nā aniani kūikawā. PPono nā rocesses e hoʻokō i nā lula kaiapuni koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala.